Class 7 Mathematics

Chapters

1. 1Large Numbers Around UsLesson: Large Numbers Around Us · 15 sections · chapter quiz

   India has about 140 crore people, and a big city may use crores of litres of water each day. Reading, comparing and estimating such large numbers helps us understand the world.

   • • I can read and write numbers in lakhs and crores and in millions and billions.
   • • I can convert between the Indian and international place-value systems.
   • • I can estimate large quantities and judge whether a large number is reasonable.
2. 2Arithmetic ExpressionsLesson: Arithmetic Expressions · 15 sections · chapter quiz

   A shopkeeper sells 3 notebooks at ₹45 each and gives ₹20 off. We can write this as one expression: 3 × 45 − 20. Expressions let us describe and compare calculations clearly.

   • • I can write and evaluate arithmetic expressions for real situations.
   • • I can use brackets and the order of operations correctly.
   • • I can use terms, swapping and grouping to simplify calculations.
3. 3A Peek Beyond the Point: DecimalsLesson: A Peek Beyond the Point: Decimals · 15 sections · chapter quiz

   A ruler measures 7 cm and a bit more. To describe 'a bit more' precisely, we split units into tenths and hundredths — this is where decimals come from.

   • • I can explain tenths, hundredths and thousandths as smaller units.
   • • I can read, write, compare and place decimals on a number line.
   • • I can add and subtract decimals and convert between units.
4. 4Expressions Using Letter-Numbers (Algebra)Lesson: Expressions Using Letter-Numbers (Algebra) · 15 sections · chapter quiz

   If one pencil costs ₹5, then n pencils cost 5 × n rupees. Using a letter lets one expression describe every possible case at once.

   • • I can use letters to stand for unknown or changing numbers.
   • • I can write algebraic expressions for situations and patterns.
   • • I can evaluate and simplify expressions by combining like terms.
5. 5Parallel and Intersecting LinesLesson: Parallel and Intersecting Lines · 15 sections · chapter quiz

   Railway tracks, the lines on a notebook page and the edges of a door show lines that never meet or that cross at special angles.

   • • I can identify intersecting, perpendicular and parallel lines.
   • • I can name angles formed by a transversal: corresponding, alternate, interior.
   • • I can use angle properties to find unknown angles.
6. 6Number Play: Parity, Grids and SequencesLesson: Number Play: Parity, Grids and Sequences · 15 sections · chapter quiz

   Can 5 odd numbers ever add up to 100? Instead of trying every case, a clever idea called parity gives the answer immediately.

   • • I can use parity (odd/even) to reason about sums and products.
   • • I can solve grid and magic-square puzzles using number properties.
   • • I can describe the Virahāṅka–Fibonacci sequence and digit puzzles.
7. 7A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines: TrianglesLesson: A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines: Triangles · 15 sections · chapter quiz

   Three sticks of lengths 3, 4 and 10 cm cannot make a triangle, but 3, 4 and 5 cm can. Why? Triangles follow precise rules.

   • • I can classify triangles by sides and angles.
   • • I can check whether three lengths can form a triangle (triangle inequality).
   • • I can construct triangles and draw altitudes, and use the angle sum of 180°.
8. 8Working with FractionsLesson: Working with Fractions · 15 sections · chapter quiz

   A recipe needs 3/4 cup of milk, but you want to make only half the recipe. How much milk do you need? Multiplying fractions answers questions like this.

   • • I can multiply a fraction by a whole number and by another fraction.
   • • I can divide by a fraction using reciprocals.
   • • I can solve word problems involving products and quotients of fractions.
9. 9Geometric Twins: CongruenceLesson: Geometric Twins: Congruence · 15 sections · chapter quiz

   Two keys cut from the same pattern fit the same lock because they have exactly the same shape and size. In geometry such 'twins' are called congruent.

   • • I can explain when two figures are congruent.
   • • I can use the SSS, SAS, ASA and RHS conditions for congruent triangles.
   • • I can use congruence to show that base angles of an isosceles triangle are equal.
10. 10Operations with IntegersLesson: Operations with Integers · 15 sections · chapter quiz

    A submarine dives 15 m every minute. Where is it after 4 minutes? Where was it 2 minutes before reaching sea level? Multiplying integers describes such changes.

    • • I can add and subtract integers fluently.
    • • I can multiply and divide integers and explain the sign rules.
    • • I can use properties of integer operations in calculations.
11. 11Finding Common Ground: HCF and LCMLesson: Finding Common Ground: HCF and LCM · 15 sections · chapter quiz

    You have 24 red and 36 blue beads and want identical bracelets using all beads. What is the greatest number of bracelets you can make? This is a 'common ground' problem.

    • • I can find the highest common factor (HCF) of numbers.
    • • I can find the lowest common multiple (LCM) of numbers.
    • • I can use prime factorisation and the HCF × LCM relationship to solve problems.
12. 12Another Peek Beyond the Point: Decimal OperationsLesson: Another Peek Beyond the Point: Decimal Operations · 15 sections · chapter quiz

    Petrol costs ₹104.50 a litre. How much for 2.5 litres? And if 4 friends share a bill of ₹375.60, how much does each pay? We need to multiply and divide decimals.

    • • I can multiply and divide decimals by 10, 100 and 1000.
    • • I can multiply decimals and decimals by whole numbers.
    • • I can divide decimals and convert fractions to decimals.
13. 13Connecting the Dots: Data and AveragesLesson: Connecting the Dots: Data and Averages · 15 sections · chapter quiz

    Two cricket players scored runs in five matches. Who is more consistent? Who is better on average? A single 'representative value' can help us compare, but we must choose it wisely.

    • • I can pose statistical questions and collect relevant data.
    • • I can find representative values: mean (average), median and mode.
    • • I can draw and interpret graphs such as double bar graphs and judge claims made from data.
14. 14Constructions and TilingsLesson: Constructions and Tilings · 15 sections · chapter quiz

    Floors, walls and rangoli are covered with repeating tiles that leave no gaps. Which shapes can do this? And how can we draw exact angles with just a compass?

    • • I can construct perpendicular bisectors and angle bisectors with ruler and compass.
    • • I can construct angles of 60°, 30°, 90° and 45° without a protractor.
    • • I can explain which regular polygons tile a plane and why.
15. 15Finding the Unknown: Simple EquationsLesson: Finding the Unknown: Simple Equations · 15 sections · chapter quiz

    'I think of a number, multiply it by 3 and add 7. I get 31. What is my number?' An equation turns this puzzle into something we can solve step by step.

    • • I can write a simple equation for a situation or puzzle.
    • • I can solve equations systematically by doing the same operation on both sides.
    • • I can check solutions and find and fix mistakes in solving.